![]() Tool development and awareness among professionals led to the recognition and a broader use of GIS in an integrated perspective of architectural heritage survey and management. Providing powerful analysis, design, production, and management of architectural data, GIS encompasses various scales of subjects and space. Regional planning and urban development were some of the initial fields of application of GIS which soon led to tackle the specificity of architecture as an autonomous research theme. The inventory and analysis potential offered by Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has proven to be an appropriate information technology for the development of instruments to support central and local entities responsible for cultural heritage management, being considered a powerful and effective tool in the knowledge, enhancement, and communication of cultural heritage. Natural disasters, conflict, urban development, pollution, looting, inappropriate site management and neglect are just some examples of the risk that these sites face. Digital, innovative, cost-effective, and non-invasive tools for systematic cataloguing and monitoring of tangible and intangible cultural heritage are required to protect it from natural and anthropogenic threats.
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